Are SOFA personnel accountable to Japanese law while off duty?

The assertion that SOFA personnel are accountable to Japanese law while off duty, specifically for actions unrelated to official duties, accurately reflects the provisions of the Status of Forces Agreement. Under this agreement, service members maintain certain legal immunities related to their official duties; however, these immunities do not extend to personal conduct when they are off duty. Therefore, they are subject to local laws and regulations for actions that are not connected to their official military responsibilities.

This accountability aims to ensure that SOFA personnel adhere to the legal standards of the host country while they are not performing military duties. It reinforces the principle that, even though they are stationed in Japan under the SOFA, they must respect local customs and laws during their private time. This accountability is vital for fostering good relations between SOFA personnel and the local population, highlighting the importance of cultural respect and legal compliance while serving in a foreign country.