What is one of the challenges of jurisdiction under SOFA?

Determining which nation’s laws apply is indeed a significant challenge under the Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA). This is due to the complex nature of international law and the need to navigate the legal systems of both the host country and the sending country. SOFA agreements typically outline which country's jurisdiction prevails in legal matters involving military personnel, but these provisions can sometimes lead to disputes or confusion. For instance, issues may arise regarding the prosecution of crimes committed by military members while stationed abroad, as local laws may differ substantially from those of the service member's home country. This situation can complicate legal proceedings and affect the rights and responsibilities of military personnel, making it crucial to clearly define the applicable laws in these unique contexts.

Other options, while they may represent legal challenges in broader contexts, do not specifically capture the core jurisdictional issues that arise directly from the application of SOFA agreements.