What is the primary purpose of the Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA) in Japan?

The primary purpose of the Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA) in Japan is to define the legal status of U.S. military personnel stationed in Japan. This agreement sets forth the rights, responsibilities, and legal frameworks governing U.S. forces while they are present in Japan. This includes important aspects such as jurisdiction over legal issues, the treatment of personnel, and the handling of crimes committed by service members. By establishing these parameters, SOFA provides clarity and legal structure that helps facilitate cooperation between the U.S. military and Japanese authorities.

While the other options mention important areas of bilateral relations, they do not address the specific legal framework and status of U.S. troops, which is the core goal of the SOFA. Military strategies, trade agreements, and environmental policies are managed through different frameworks and dialogues, but the defining of legal status is unique to the SOFA.